From Robert Kuttner, The American Prospect <[email protected]>
Subject How Trump Can Cause a Cargo Crunch
Date April 7, 2025 7:33 PM
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**APRIL 7, 2025**

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**** How Trump Can Cause a Cargo Crunch

Trump's tariffs are messing with production arrangements in ways that are only beginning to reverberate.

The secondary disruptive aspects of Trump's abrupt increase in tariffs have largely escaped notice. How will producers try to rearrange their supply chains in response to new after-tax costs? How can they anticipate further changes as Trump keeps changing the terms? And how will customs officials, already spread thin, process and collect these new tariffs?

When a product subject to a tariff comes into a U.S. port of entry, someone has to assess the tax owed and collect it. This is mostly an automated process. But when Trump tried to end the "de minimis" rule, under which packages worth less than $800 could enter the U.S.
duty-free and without inspection, the pileup crashed the Postal Service system for processing packages and the rule had to be suspended. About one billion low-value packages [link removed] were required to go through the full customs treatment, but the 10 percent or so that go through USPS were the ones causing the problem.

Trump has reinstated that de minimis rule [link removed] to take effect May 2, while putting a higher price on postal packages that were seen as the trigger for the crash. But in the meantime, the imposition of a complex schedule of tariffs on more than 100 different countries could present other logistical problems. More important, because the new tariff schedule changes the after-tax prices of imported inputs,
producers are re-examining their entire system of global sourcing.

Chris Clowes, from the cargo consultancy Scala, told the trade paper Air Cargo News [link removed], "This kind of disruption puts enormous pressure on global supply chains. Businesses will be forced to reassess sourcing strategies, redirect shipments, and renegotiate contracts-all at short notice."

In addition, some global suppliers have warned customers that they may suspend shipments entirely, because of the impact of tariffs on their own cost structures. According to Reuters, Pittsburgh-based Howmet Aerospace, a key supplier of metal components for Boeing and Airbus aircraft, invoked

**force majeure** [link removed] legal doctrine and standard contract clause voiding contractual obligations in the face
of wars or other unforeseen and uncontrollable events. Howmet invoked disruptions stemming from the declared national emergency and the executive orders on tariffs.

[link removed]

Peter Sand, chief analyst at Xeneta [link removed], an ocean and air freight shipping consultancy, said: "It is tough to make important decisions on your supply chain when the rules of the game keep changing. Many US shippers are right at the point of agreeing new long-term ocean container freight contracts coming into effect on 1 May, so this puts them in an extremely difficult position. Where will they be importing goods from in the next 12 months and which carrier should they choose?"

In addition, the administration has proposed a half-baked plan intended to promote American shipbuilding. U.S. trade
representative Jamieson Greer formally proposed to levy a $1.5 million charge [link removed] whenever a Chinese-built or -owned ship calls on an American port. About 38 percent of all container ships were built in China.

The unintended consequence is that smaller ports, in red and blue states alike, will lose business, because shippers will prefer to pay the fee just once, and route their shipping through large ports like New York-Newark or L.A.-Long Beach. Reviving U.S. shipbuilding, a decent goal, will take years if not decades. In the meantime, small ports will be sunk, and large ports will be clogged. That's the kind of thing that could create shortages and logistical nightmares. The American Association of Port Authorities has come out against the plan.

Trump keeps complicating the tariff game by changing signals, and his advisers openly contradict each other. Chief
economist Kevin Hassett told ABC News [link removed] that at least 50 countries have offered to negotiate tariff reduction deals. The government of Vietnam offered Trump a zero-tariff deal, but according to Bloomberg another Trump adviser, Peter Navarro, scoffed at the offer [link removed] because of Vietnam's non-tariff barriers. And Trump himself insists that he is staying the course.

All of this makes it much harder for U.S. companies reliant on foreign inputs to plan, much less to expand, domestic output. Chaos works all too well as a strategy of disruption, not of production.

~ ROBERT KUTTNER

Follow Robert Kuttner on Twitter [link removed]

On the Prospect website

The Abundance Option [link removed]
Fifteen years
ago, I wrote that Democrats couldn't build things anymore, and that Dems needed to better balance regulation with production. BY HAROLD MEYERSON

Mad King Trump's War on the Troops [link removed]
The administration is vindictively hacking away at veterans' benefits. BY RYAN COOPER

South Dakota and Louisiana Voters Let Lawmakers Have It [link removed]
Republicans in two states failed to twist the ballot initiative process to their ends. But the fight is far from over. BY GABRIELLE GURLEY

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